Sentencing and Criminal Justice

Question: Examine about the Sentencing and Criminal Justice. Answer: Criminal laws are characterized as laws in Australia that are successfully intended to shield society from illegitimate activities. This law gives discipline to the people violating the law which incorporates relinquishment of that people right or he/she might be charged to detainment too. Criminal law is otherwise called punitive law. This law incorporates Traffic/street laws, Public request, laws identified with property harm and laws identified with individuals (Ashworth, 2015). Drink driving is incorporated under traffic/street laws. Drink driving is treated as genuine and significant offense according to Australian criminal law. According to laws identified with savor driving setting of Australia, if an individual is seen as driving a vehicle over the predetermined limit level of BAC (Blood liquor convergence) of 0.05, at that point those people charged to different punishments. BAC characterizes the level of liquor present in the blood, the higher the BAC, the more noteworthy the discipline and harm (Jacobs, 2013). Tanked driver are required to confront both criminal accusations and common obligation for their activities. If there should be an occurrence of common obligation, a claim is documented by the casualty confronting injury or his/her family against alcoholic driver for recouping harms like expense of clinical treatment and property harm. Likewise, criminal alcoholic driving charges incorporate fines, suspension or wiping out of permit and detainment (Bergman, 2015). The punishments for drink driving re ly upon the sort of offense submitted by the individual, when the offense is submitted, Age of individual at the hour of submitting offense, the grant or permit held by that individual and whether it was the principal offense or not. There are three beverage driving offense which are required to charged. It incorporates Driving under impact of liquor and medications (DUI), Driving with endorsed convergence of liquor (PCA) and declining to follow bearings of police corresponding to inhale testing. In this manner, an individual might be accuses of driving affected by liquor and medications; if that individual is unequipped for controlling the vehicle which he/she is driving (Ashworth, 2015). On the off chance that an individual is unequipped for controlling the vehicle he/she are not making harm themselves just, yet to different people out and about. In this way, if a physical issue or harm is cause to an individual in light of taking lift or ride from an inebriated individual then it makes risk of individual causing mishap over other individual about his/her clinical consideration or installment for the harm or misfortunes brought about. In addition, on the off chance that it is known by individual taking lift tha t the driver is affected by liquor, at that point it makes hazard on part on that individual. According to Australian criminal law, Negligence is characterized as a term that represents the direct of an individual that causes a danger of mischief for other people and oneself too. Contributory carelessness is portrayed as a term that incorporates the direct of an individual which makes mischief or injury to oneself. What's more, contributory carelessness is the most suitable methods for giving just and socially acknowledged results (Dongen, 2014). Moreover, according to Australian criminal law identified with drink driving it very well may be characterized as a progressively mind boggling circumstance where offended party is likewise inebriated (affected by liquor) and takes lift from inebriated driver. Along these lines, that individual is likewise liable for injury that causes to himself/herself. Since, that individual neglected to deal with his/her own wellbeing, because of this he/she may likewise held to add to the wounds that was caused because of careless driving of lit igant. It is likewise something imperative that ought to be viewed as that taking a ride from driver who is smashed makes clear hazard as common risk enactment. Additionally, it might likewise get troublesome in specific circumstances for respondent to demonstrate that offended party has acknowledged the undeniable hazard. Contributory Negligence is especially applied to the situation where offended party knows that litigant is driving under impact of liquor and still acknowledges the lift. Hence, the offended party is liable of contributory carelessness in such a circumstance. According to Australian criminal law, IPP board gives a proposal that, same destinations measures ought to apply to contributory carelessness for offended party as the standard of care are relevant to respondents. According to Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia and Northern Territory, a base decrease of 25% is forced on measure of recuperation to be asserted by offended party. Since offended party knew about the way that litigant was inebriated and he/she were likewise affected by liquor (Goudkamp, 2015). The manner by which offended party can discredit the assumption (offended party is blameworthy of contributory carelessness as he/she neglected to take suitable and sensible consideration for their own wellbeing) shif ts in various states and furthermore convey various outcomes. In New South Wales, on the off chance that the offended party is required to negate the assumption, at that point he/she should fulfill the court that offended party self-inebriation doesn't contribute in any capacity to the harm or injury that is caused because of the mishap. The current case depends on idea of contributory carelessness since Rebecca (Plaintiff) knew about the way that Michelle (Defendant) was too smashed to even think about driving, and afterward likewise she acknowledged to take ride from Michelle. In this manner, she is considered as liable of contributory carelessness as she neglected to take sensible consideration for her own wellbeing and consequently at risk to contribute for her own physical issue. What's more, it is characterized as the circumstance where offended party (Rebecca) is additionally inebriated and she takes ride for home from an inebriated driver (Michelle). In this way, Rebecca can sue Michelle for recuperating misfortunes of injury that is brought about to her as a result of mishap. Be that as it may, she will get remuneration sum after a base decrease of 25% on measure of guarantee since she acknowledged a ride from an inebriated individual in any event, when she knew. References Ashworth, A. (2015) Sentencing and Criminal Justice.UK: Cambridge University Press. Bergman, P. (2015) Criminal Law: A Desk Reference. US: Nolo. Buckley, R.A., 2015. Harmed travelers and the protection of illicitness. Customary Law World Review, 44(3), pp.192-202. Dongen, E. (2014) Contributory Negligence: A Historical and Comparative Study. Netherland: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. Gans, J. (2011) Modern Criminal Law of Australia. UK: Cambridge University Press. Goudkamp, J. (2015) Apportionment of harms for contributory carelessness: a fixed or optional methodology?. Lawful Studies, 35(4), pp.621-647. Jacobs, J. (2013) Drunk Driving: An American Dilemma. US: University of Chicago Press. Klein, S. (2013) Learning: Principles and Applications. US: SAGE Publications.

Jean Watson free essay sample

As a medical caretaker it is basic to coordinate the psychosocial of a basically sick patient and their family into care. One not just thinks about the patient’s physical wellbeing, they care for all the parts that makes up the patients substance. Wiped out patients face numerous snags. During the various periods of ailment the medical caretaker must adjust care to oblige the patients and family’s needs. Ones acknowledgment to the different stages can be encouraged and communicated through the Jean Watsons Philosophy, and Transpersonal Caring Theory. Jean Watsons Theory of Caring has gotten fundamental in nursing. Caring is at the center of nursing and is crucial in giving positive patient results. Watson’s hypothesis depends on human caring connections and encounters in human life. She recognizes a mindful relationship and caring condition save human pride, completeness, and uprightness and to reestablish the person’s congruity it is the nurse’s duty to help a person to set up significance in sickness and enduring (Cara, 2008). We will compose a custom paper test on Jean Watson or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Medical caretakers have a duty to assess the patient’s physical, mental, and enthusiastic prosperity. Jean Watsons Theory was inferred in 1979 and amended in 1985 and 1988. Most of her updates were made to her carative variables, in which she accepts is the idea for the center of nursing (Cara, 2008). As indicated by Suliman, Welman, Omer and Thomas, (2009), Watsons hypothesis recommend that â€Å"Caring is an alternate method of being human, present, mindful, cognizant, and deliberate. Nursing is fixated on helping the patient accomplish a higher level of amicability inside psyche, body, and soul, and this agreement is accomplished through caring exchanges including a transpersonal caring relationship (Cara, 2008). Human caring involves the compassionate study of offering proficient administrations to a destitute human. This depends on the thought that expert nursing administrations involve understanding, information, ethics and sympathy. Chesney and Anderson (2008) demonstrated that Wilson’s Caring hypothesis is gotten from a good and moral establishment. The guardian joins science, humanities, otherworldliness in upgrading the psyche body-soul of recuperating. Watson’s hypothesis depends on the idea that medical caretakers ought not depend on the down to earth parts of nursing alone. One must envelop the physiological part of mending into ones practice. Rather, a willing medical caretaker ought to interface with the patient on an individual level while executing ones nursing obligations. (Watson, 2011). As an attendant on clinical careful unit I experience consistently patients with changed sicknesses. Huge numbers of the patients have complex needs. On this day, a multi year old male introduced to the crisis office with a central grievance of fever for one day. The patient is alert however nonverbal. He can follow straightforward orders. The little girl and grandson fill in as the patient’s history specialist. The family gives an exact record of the patient’s broad clinical history, which include: Parkinson’s, congestive cardiovascular breakdown, colon malignant growth, diabetes type I, aortic stenosis, dysphagia and incessant urinary tract contaminations. The little girl rapidly verbalizes her dissatisfaction to the staff over the numerous inquiries. She requests the staff investigate the PC for her father’s history. He has been admitted to a similar clinic multiple times in the course of the most recent a half year. The family seems depleted. They are smart and disparaging towards the staff. At a certain point the little girl declines a physical evaluation for her dad. She states â€Å"He’s tired. That’s enough† As the essential attendant I offer the little girl a seat and some espresso. She charitably acknowledges the drink and sits down. She gazes upward and states â€Å"I’m so worn out. I can’t do this any longer. He is here consistently. What am I fouling up? â€Å" I plunk down alongside her and promise her that she has done nothing incorrectly. She gazes upward and says nothing. I keep on clarifying that her dad is wiped out and needs more consideration than previously. She concurs yet at the same time shows up overpowered. We keep on representing more than thirty minutes. She admits to relinquishing her position to deal with her undeniably sick dad. She has now been thinking about him throughout the previous eight months, without assistance. She just meets all requirements for an assistant for six hours per day, which would not permit her to work all day. She is presently monetarily depleted. Upon appearance the following morning I examine the situation with the social specialist and caseworker. Later that night a family meeting is organized. Albeit somewhat hesitant the girl consents to permit her dad to be put in a recovery place. She realizes she can no longer think about him at home any longer. She is happy to do what is best for him. The staff consoles her that she isn't surrendering, yet rather making the wisest decision for her dad and herself. In the above situation I applied the Jean Watson hypothesis in giving consideration to the basically sick patient and the family. My treatment went past the specialized part of nursing care. It wandered into the psychosocial, enthusiastic, just as profound job of the medical caretaker. The patient’s girl required enthusiastic help and direction. She was overpowered, along these lines couldn't capacity to her full limit, thwarting her father’s care. So as to give a sheltered and solid condition for the patient upon release the guardian duties should have been reconsidered. The consideration gave during the patient’s length of stay was not constrained to the patient, yet to all engaged with the patients care. Watson’s hypothesis joins ones hidden qualities to aid practice. It permits the recuperating condition to incorporate the patient, family and every other part that are associated with restoring the patient to an ideal degree of wellbeing.

Strategic Decision-Making

â€Å"Rational dynamic is an inconceivable perfect in methodology plan and usage because of fragmented data and hierarchical legislative issues. † Strategy is detailed and actualized by associations as a methods for increasing upper hand and making authoritative progress. Visit quick, generally upheld, and top notch vital choices are the foundation of compelling methodology (Eisenhardt, 1999 in Clegg et. Al, 2012). In this day and age of borderless business, ever-advancing innovation and quick change, can these choices be settled on rationally?Currently there are three principle dynamic ideal models in the writing †judicious dynamic, political dynamic and the trash can show. Every worldview outlines the dynamic procedure distinctively and each will be talked about thus in this exposition. It will at that point be inferred that while sane dynamic is conceivable, it is just boundedly so because of inadequate data perplexed by the impediments of human perception, especially in the quick paced business universe of today.Furthermore, while individuals can be independently discerning, aggregately this isn't the situation (Eisenhardt ; Zbaracki, 1992) †as associations are political frameworks, governmental issues and force are regularly key to dynamic in the definition and usage of procedure. Discerning dynamic Model According to the levelheaded dynamic model, clear objectives and goals are first recognized and recorded arranged by significance. All the elective strategies related with every goal are then distinguished and the outcomes of each activity are established.Consequences are surveyed against the qualities and destinations sought after, with the strategy that best expands these qualities being the one that is picked. This legitimate bit by bit approach proposes that the result will be boosted. It additionally accept the leader has total information on every single imaginable other option, yet in addition their results. For specialists who buy in to this model of dynamic, the association is viewed as a levelheaded administration where key arranging is directed by top administration and authoritative structure follows.This prescriptive perspective on dynamic has logical standards at its center as leaders are believed to be precise and objective. Research, in any case, has demonstrated that the dynamic procedure utilized by directors isn't as clear or straight in nature. Indeed, the presumptions supporting the hypothesis of omniscient reasonability, while ‘strikingly basic and excellent' (Simon, 1978), are on a very basic level defective. Albeit such a way to deal with technique detailing may seem perfect in principle, it can't be polished aside from with generally straightforward issues (Linblom, 1959).Limits of the psychological limit of people, and on accessible data set clear cutoff points on a director's capacity to be completely reasonable. Moreover, different individuals from the association may differ with th e chiefs decision prompting strategic maneuvers and legislative issues. While key choices at that point, miss the mark concerning omniscience, they are not really nonsensical. Or maybe, they are, and can just ever be, a limited reasonability. Intellectual inclinations of chiefs limit the relevance of the balanced dynamic methodology (Santos and Garcia, 2006).The authoritative circumstance is surrounded by the leaders who see an inexact model of the conditions, looking over a restricted rundown of emotional other options. A few decisions are given weight and others are consigned to the foundation, along these lines enormous sections of the truth are out of center (Feehan, 2013). Simon (1956) perceiving the constraints of complete reasonability, set the idea of ‘satisficing', that individuals will pick the primary elective that is regarded to satisfactorily meet the association's destinations as opposed to setting aside the effort to study every conceivable other option and find ing the ideal choice.This satisficing elective will meet the insignificant palatable prerequisites. Linblom's ‘Muddling Through' hypothesis (1959) was one of the first to perceive the job of governmental issues in vital dynamic. Linblom alludes to the far reaching discerning model referenced above, as a ‘root' way to deal with dynamic where the procedure starts with the essentials, continually beginning from the beginning. This implies end examination necessitates that qualities are explained ahead of time of looking at choices. He sets a ‘branch technique' for steady correlations as a progressively appropriate strategy for complex problems.Here, the dynamic procedure starts in the present circumstance, working out with gradual changes. Lindblom contends that the association and people may hold clashing qualities which just become clear sometime later. A decent result is along these lines, not the ideal one but rather one that is settled upon by all players. These speculations feature both the restrictions of objectivity and the significance of setting in key dynamic. In contrast to numerous different choices, key choices are made in a hierarchical setting where the response of the players influences the outcome.This perspective on associations not as levelheaded optimisers however ‘satisficers' resounds with the creator's encounters. Having claimed my own business I comprehend because of time requirements, working memory limits and limited subsidizing levels, it is preposterous to expect to settle on choices in a flawlessly sound manner. There will consistently be choices you (the association) had not thought of, inclinations you have that might be clashing, and decisions that can't be made because of contradictions among stakeholders.This isn't to state that the vital choices can't be levelheaded †they can yet just boundedly so. It is significant, in my view, to move toward these noteworthy and complex choices in a precise way wh enever the situation allows. Anyway in a powerful world, where business is borderless and innovation is progressing at a consistently expanding rate, I would scrutinize the utility of this methodology. Setting is critical. Political dynamic model The political model of dynamic presents a convincing body of evidence against the chance of ideal levelheadedness in methodology arrangement and implementation.In actuality, as per Clegg (2012, p. 267) the greatest foe of discernment is the force and legislative issues that are recorded in each hierarchical choice. The division of an association into independent offices, supports political movement between them as they go after rare assets (Pettigrew, 1973). Alliances are conformed to an apparent liking of interests, with a definitive point being to accumulate enough capacity to impact the dynamic procedure. It is out of this battle for power that choices emerge.Strategic choices are especially prone to invigorate political activities since they are unpredictable, noteworthy, and subject to vulnerability. There might be a lot to pick up/lose for every one of the players from both a material and reputational perspective (Child, Elbanna ; Rodrigues, 2010). Take for instance, an association, for example, a medical clinic. It is pluralistic in nature, frequently encountering struggle between offices, staff subcultures and cracks between managerial staff and departments.Imagine as a component of a cost control methodology, it is chosen after objective investigation, that the ideal option is to lessen wage costs by 20%. The generously compensated advisors and lower paid floor staff will be set in opposition to one another, each securing their own personal circumstances. The cost slicing methodology may must be adjusted so as to mollify the players. As this model passes on, it is out of contrasts in personal matters that contention rises (Eisenhardt ; Zbaracki, 1992). Research has reliably seen authoritative dynamic as polit ical in nature.A investigation of nine universal companies found that they were political frameworks contained a horde of alliances and gatherings (Quinn,1980 in Child et. al 2010). Pettigrew (1972) watched a situation where built up PC experts clashed with a more up to date group of examiners over which IT framework their organization ought to put resources into. An individual from the built up alliance of examiners went about as guard, utilizing his job to control the progression of data to top administration while conveying contrarily about his adversaries thoughts at the equivalent time.This brought about administration choosing to accept his recommendation. Another regularly refered to case of the political dynamic model the Cuban Missile Crisis (Clegg et al 2011; Child et al 2010). Trash Can Model The trash can display of dynamic offers an elective understanding into key dynamic in associations. Here, the association is depicted as a free assortment of effectively made arrange ments, sitting tight for new choice chances to be applied. In spite of the suppositions of the levelheaded model, dynamic in these sorted out insurgencies isn't an efficient, direct process.The vagueness is because of the extreme insecurity of three premises †inclinations, innovation (know-how, methods ; gear) and interest. Dynamic happens when the correct issue emerges and the opportune individuals are responsive to it's answer. These factors are coupled transiently, by some coincidence, as opposed to significantly by levelheaded computation (Rainey, Ronquillo and Avellaneda, 2010). The trash can demonstrate varies from the reasonable and political models as it passes on the job of chance in the dynamic process.Decisions are not shown up at through boundedly discerning examination, nor are they haggled by the communications of alliances. Rather, they are the irregular consequence of the union of issues and arrangements at a specific point in time. It is not necessarily the cas e that this model is proposed to supplant levelheaded dynamic, rather it's motivation is to enhance it (Rainey et. al 2010). Not all dynamic circumstances are composed turmoil, neit

Financial Reporting International Financial Reporting Standards

Question: Examine about the Financial Reporting for International Financial Reporting Standards. Answer: Prologue To The Companies Wesfarmers Wesfarmers Limited is an Australia-based combination, established in 1914, with its base camp at Perth. The organization transcendently has practical experience in New Zealand and Australian retail, together with composts, mechanical and wellbeing items, coal mining and synthetic compounds. It has become the greatest Australian organization as far as income with AU$62.7 billion in the year 2015, outperforming mining mammoth BHP Billion and retail contender Woolworths Limited. Wesfarmers is likewise the greatest private business in the nation, with a workforce of 205,000 individuals (IBIS Wrold, 2015). At first settled as a co-employable to offer product and administrations to Western Australian ranchers, the organization was recorded on the Australian Stock Exchange in 1984 and from now on developed into a major retail aggregate. On turning into an open association, it broadened its inclinations through a progression of mergers and acquisitions. Wesfarmers bought Cole, an Australian general store, accommodation, fuel and alcohol retailer in 2007 (Who we are, 2015). Another division of the Group is the Home Improvement and Office Supplies which is comprised of the Bunning Warehouse, a retailer of outside living and home improvement items, serving business and home purchasers in New Zealand and Australia; and Officeworks, a provider and retailer of office stock for home, training and business in Australia. Wesfarmers retail chain business is rebuilt into a solitary division named Department Stores wherein Kmart and Target are two significant retail establishment retailers. The organ ization is likewise into modern organizations for example Synthetic concoctions, Energy and Fertilizers; Industrial and Safety; and Resources (Wesfarmers Sustainability Report, 2012). The Group has 8 auxiliaries and 79 officials. The authoritative structure is divisional with each division having its own structure. Dynamic is held for the senior administration in each division. Wesfarmers has made sure about numerous national and universal honors and awards for remarkable works in various streams. A 12% expansion in send out deals during 2008/09 in the site of the most noticeably awful and greatest fall in worldwide interest in 40 years, helped Wesfarmers Curragh secure the countrys most regarded business trading honor for the Minerals and Energy classification (Wesfarmers Resources, 2012). Woolworths Limited Woolworths Limited is an Australian firm with far reaching retail intrigue all over New Zealand and Australia. It is the second greatest organization as far as income in Australia after Wesfarmers and the second greatest in New Zealand. Also, it is the greatest takeaway alcohol retailer in the country. The primary activities of Woolworths Limited, which was established in 1924, incorporate alcohol retailing (as Dan Murphys and BWS in Australia), grocery stores (under the brand name Countdown in New Zealand, and Woolworths in Australia), rebate office chains as Big W in Australia, and bars and lodgings under the ALH Group umbrella (IBIS World, 2015). The Group appreciates advertise driving situations in all the significant markets. It is 30% bigger in Australian Food and Liquor than its nearest rival. Bosses stands second in the tremendously engaging Home Improvement advertise. Woolworths is likewise the greatest residential web based retailer in Australia (McArthur, 2013). Again a divisional progressive structure is followed in the association, with the BOD following up for its investors in controlling the capacities and protecting great corporate administration. The Management Board is likewise accused of the duty of overseeing choices and activities. As a brand, Woolworths has come to mean exceptional quality and has achieved a notable status in a nation where individuals affectionately allude to it as Woolies. The Group has likewise been gave with a few honors for its supportable improvement activities. It was granted the Disability Employment Award at the Australian Resources Institutes Diversity Awards in 2013 for its handicap enlistment drive. Together with its accomplice WorkFocus, the organization was perceived for building up a booklet How to Guide for Recruiting People with Disability. This was intended to help senior supervisors over the association to all the more likely understand the procedures and advantages of recruiting debilitated individuals (Woolworths Limited, 2013). Wellsprings of Finance Momentary Finance Wesfarmers The business utilizes momentary business account to get snappy open doors which require the business exchange to be done in brief timeframe. The all out transient account according to companys asset report for the year finished June 2015 add up to AU$1,913. These incorporate bank overdrafts (AU$6), Corporate securities (AU$1,584), and other bank credits (AU$323) (Wesfarmers, 2015). Bank overdrafts permit the organization to compose checks for a sum more prominent than what they have in their record during a given timeframe. This is particularly gainful when the income moves in and out a few times in a month. Also, it guarantees convenient installments along these lines maintaining a strategic distance from punishments. Corporate securities which make up the most noteworthy extent of Wesfarmers transient borrowings, demonstrate to b an exceptionally adaptable methods for raising obligation capital. Wesfarmers has both unbound present and unbound non-current corporate securi ties, in any case, the figure referenced above is in regard of unbound current corporate securities (Ehrhardt and Brigham, 2008). These bonds settle the companys financed by having noteworthy obligations at a fixed intrigue. This gives assurance against the dynamic monetary changes and variable paces of intrigue. Transient Bank Loans empowers the retailer to reimburse the credit sum in a shorter term and with less premium (Rigby, 2011). Woolworths additionally utilizes transient sources to fund its momentary business needs. The absolute momentary account of the organization for the year finished June 2015 was AU$1,645. This included transient currency showcase advances (AU$10), bank credits (AU$23.8), momentary protections (AU$1,609.9), and money leases (AU$1.7). All these are unbound wellsprings of assets. With assistance of a rent, the organization doesn't have to purchase an item which may not be required in the long haul, and this source likewise diminishes the business costs (Woolworths Limited, 2015). Long haul Finance Long haul Debt Wesfarmers The organization utilizes long haul obligations to back its fixed resource needs, to finance its lasting segment of working capital, to extend its divisions and numerous different purposes. Long haul obligation includes money related commitments and advances going on for over one year. Wesfarmers all out long haul borrowings for the year finished June 2015 were AU$4,615 (Wesfarmers, 2015). This included non-current unbound corporate obligations of a similar worth. This suggests the organization didn't take any drawn out bank credits and financed its drawn out necessities totally through corporate securities. WoolworthsWoolworths additionally relies upon long haul obligations for purchasing fixed resources, expanding offices and business extension purposes. The companys all out long haul borrowings for the year finished June 2015 add up to AU$3,079. Woolworths, in any case, has an expanded arrangement of long haul borrowings, including long haul protections (AU$2,384.6), Finance leases (AU$2.9), and Woolworths Notes II (AU$696.5) (Woolworths Limited, 2015). Value This is the possession capital of an organization. Any open restricted firm can raise assets from advertisers or open as value share capital by means of the issuance of standard value shares. The proprietors of Ordinary offers get their arrival on capital and profit once the inclination investors are paid (Kumar and Francisco, 2005). Wesfarmers The investors value in the organization for the year finishing June 2015 was AU$21,844. These incorporate own offers procured (Wesfarmers. 2015). Woolworths The proprietors own value in Woolworths for the year finishing June 2015 was AU$5,064.9. These incorporate completely paid customary offers (AU$4,850.1), shares gave as a result of offer choices and rights practiced under worker long haul motivator plans (AU$.3), and offers gave in light of profit reinvestment plan (AU$6.5) (Woolworths Limited, 2015). Capital Structure and Financial Ratio Analysis Capital Structure Wesfarmers The primary objective of Wesfarmers capital structure is to give an appropriate come back to its investors. Wesfarmers capital is a mix of net obligation, investors value and saves. As a significant empowering agent of conveying reasonable comes back to investors, the organization means to hold a viable capital structure which is lined up with an amazing FICO assessment and solid venture grade. Hearty free income age, bolstered by controlled portfolio the executives has permitted the association to attempt capital administration (Wesfarmers. 2015). Wesfarmers obligation levels rose during the year however they are still low. The segment of value in the capital structure is very higher when contrasted with obligation. Woolworths deals with its capital structure with an expect to upgrade long haul investor esteem by enhancing its weighted normal expense of capital while retaining adaptability to pursue development and take capital administration activities. The organization has a drawn out obligation financing arrangement that involves a tendency toward long haul obligation from the capital markets for coordinating long haul resources; limiting the dangers of renegotiating by stunning obligation developments and utilizing different wellsprings of obligation; and, totally supporting outside cash introduction and loan fee to shape conviction around subsidizing costs (Woolworths Limited, 2015). Regardless of this approach, the organization is as of now utilizing exceptionally low degrees of obligation in contrast with value. Money related Ratios Proportions Wesfarmers Woolworths Current Ratio (Current Assets/Current Liabilities) 9,093/9,726 = .93 7,661/9,169 = .84 Obligation Equity Ratio

42 Recipes for Surviving Freshman Year (Part 1)

42 Recipes for Surviving Freshman Year (Part 1) Today in Boston it was 41 degrees Fahrenheit and rainy. Random Hall had a massive potluck Thanksgiving dinner with our housemaster Nina and her family, and several smaller Thanksgivings branching off of it (because one wasn’t enough). I wasn’t there. I was sitting at a picnic table on the edge of a quiet, salty lake, watching my little brother feed geese and seagulls from the bank. I spent Thanksgiving in Myrtle Beach, northern South Carolina, sweater weather. Like geese, my family migrates when it gets cold every year, to Miami for New Year’s and a Green Christmas and to Myrtle Beach for Thanksgiving and Hanukkah. My parents drove down with my brother from Pennsylvania a week ago and I joined them on Thursday morning (Penn State gets a much longer Thanksgiving break than us). Thanksgiving for me is the beach, yoga classes twice a day, and almost absolutely no work, which is something I was bad at freshman and sophomore year but I’ve gotten better. I think what we eat at Thanksgiving captures a wonderful picture of our cross-cultural family identity. Thanksgiving dinner this year was borscht with garlic and rye bread, turkey with homemade plum sauce, because I’m allergic to cranberries, and farina cake after a walk on the beach and Catching Fire at the movie theater by the yoga studio. I miss this kind of food when I’m away from my family. Over the past semester I asked my family to teach me how to cook the foods I love, and I’ve been trying to make most of them during actual work weeks. I was surprised that they are almost all very easy to make, and that it’s possible to have a real dinner without taking real time away from studying. Four years ago when I was a senior in high school I tried to learn how to cook from a cookbook but I ended up mostly baking, and everything else was all very hard. Most of what I ate freshman year was cereal and skim milk. I didn’t end up learning the more interesting fast dishes until now. In celebration of my new steps toward real adulthood, and in belated celebration of Thanksgiving, here are the 42 (plus or minus a few; I kind of cheated) recipes that encompass most of the foods I love. Some are from family, some are from family friends, and a few are from friends at MIT. This blog post is mostly for me but it is also for you, in case you live in a non-dining dorm or you’re not on a meal plan and you want to learn some fast, diverse recipes to get you through the semester. 42. Varieties of oatmeal Starting with the basics: breakfast, lunch, and snacks on hell weeks. Effort: 1 Ingredients: Quick 1-minute oats Milk Salt and sugar (or stevia), optional Bananas, chopped walnuts, raisins, cinnamon, and allspice; frozen blueberries; or fresh berries Steps: Put in a bowl about half as much oatmeal as you think you want to eat. Add a tiny amount of salt and sweetener and a little more milk than oatmeal. Put a plate under the bowl and microwave on high for a minute and a half, because quick 1-minute is a lie. Add cold milk until the oatmeal is whatever consistency you want it to be. Chop up a banana, mix it, some chopped walnuts, and some raisins into the oatmeal, and sprinkle cinnamon and a small amount of allspice on top. If you have time, microwave some frozen blueberries for a minute and add them instead. Or, if they’re on sale, add fresh raspberries, chopped strawberries, or blueberries. 41.  Hard boiled eggs For when you’re kind of hungry and it’s 4 am on Thursday (well, Friday, but you tell yourself it’s still Thursday) and your 5.111 p-set is due in seven hours. At least you almost finished 7.012, 18.02, and 8.01, right? Effort: 1 Ingredients: Two to four eggs, depending on how hungry you are Salt (optional) Steps: Put the eggs in a pot, fill the pot halfway with cold water, and add about a teaspoon of salt. Add the eggs and put them on the stove on high heat. After the water boils, turn the heat down to medium and keep the eggs on the stove for an additional six to eight minutes if you like your eggs not fully cooked, or ten to twelve minutes if you like your eggs cooked. Pour out most of the hot water and add cold water, and repeat until your eggs are covered in water that is actually cold. Leave them alone for ten minutes while you think about doing part a of problem 3. Peel the eggs, rinse them in cold water, and, if you’re feeling ambitious, cut them into slices. If you’re feeling really ambitious, peel and chop a cucumber, too. Eat them off a paper towel. No dishes to wash! You should really work on your time management skills while you’re still on P/NR. 40.  Corn Like hard boiled eggs, and for similar situations, but far less satisfying. Effort: 1 Ingredients: Fresh corn Salt (optional) Steps: Remove the green stuff from the corn and put it in a casserole dish. Add a small amount of salt if you want. Cover. Cook on high for five minutes per corncob. Unfortunately you now have to wash the casserole dish. 39.  Yogurt with chocolate Effort: 1 Ingredients: Half a quart of plain, fat-free yogurt Semi-sweet chocolate chips, canned pineapple chunks (in 100% pineapple juice, not in heavy syrup), or some other yummy sweet stuff Steps: Put the yogurt in a bowl and stir until smooth. Add some chocolate chips. Alternatively, add half a can of pineapple chunks, with or without chocolate chips. Mmm. 38.  Wraps My friend Masha K. ‘13 from WILG taught me how to do this. It’s a great way to get meat and vegetables when you don’t feel like putting in effort or eating hot dogs beef franks for the third day in a row. Effort: 2 Ingredients: Spinach (or not spinach) tortilla Meat slices, like turkey or beef or whatever is on sale at the deli Cheese, like muenster cheese, which is amazing, or whatever else is on sale at the deli Tomatoes (if you like tomatoes) Steps: Preheat the oven to 425 or 450 degrees Fahrenheit. Place the tortilla on a slightly larger square of aluminum foil. Arrange some meat on one half of the tortilla and arrange some cheese on top of it. Add an extra layer of cheese under the meat if you really like cheese. Fold the tortilla over the meat and the cheese and fold the aluminum foil over the tortilla. Fold the edges of the aluminum foil so that the tortilla and anything that might melt off of it is trapped inside. Put the tortilla in the oven for 15 to 20 minutes. Take it out, remove the aluminum foil, and eat. Chop the tomatoes and eat them while you eat the wrap. You can also be adventurous and add the tomatoes to the wrap itself before you cook it, but this will make the wrap slightly soggy. Alternatively, avoid tomatoes like the plague and make weird faces when other people offer them to you, like almost all of the guys I’ve dated at MIT. (I don’t get it either.) Masha makes wraps in WILG’s tiny electric grill, and not in the oven, and hers end up much better than mine. I will eventually get around to buying a tiny electric grill; if you have one, you should definitely use it. 37.  Couscous and beef franks Because you’re hungry and desperate and real food is too hard. When Cory ‘14 and I first started dating he was convinced that I only ate couscous and beef franks, because at the time I only ate couscous and beef franks. Effort: 2 Ingredients: 97% reduced fat kosher beef franks (or, I dunno, some other kind of hot dogs) Box of couscous with pine nuts or pearled couscous without pine nuts Olive oil Steps: This is a picture of couscous and breaded tilapia, not couscous and beef franks, because I actually have not had couscous and beef franks since summer (which is, I think, an accomplishment).    1.    Follow the directions on the box of couscous. Prepare the entire box in a casserole dish. Alternatively, cook spaghetti on the stove.    2.    Follow the directions on the bag of beef franks. Prepare three or four beef franks on the stove. 3.    Chop up the beef franks, add them to the couscous, and eat directly out of the casserole dish. Dinner for two in under ten minutes, minimal dishes, and you can get back to your p-set. 36.a. Eggs with vegetables Effort: 2 Ingredients: Two or three eggs Broccoli, cabbage, or a more creative vegetable Olive oil Salt Steps: Wash and chop the broccoli or cabbage. Put it in a pan with olive oil and cook on high for a few minutes while the pan heats up. Add the eggs and a small amount of salt over the broccoli. Throw the eggs and the broccoli around in the pan with a spatula until they are cooked. This goes well with fried potatoes. 36.b. Omelet This is a little more difficult. Effort: 2 Ingredients: Two eggs Milk Broccoli, cabbage, or beef franks (optional) Olive oil Salt Steps: If you want them in your omelet, chop broccoli, cabbage, or beef franks, put them in a pan with olive oil, and cook on high while the pan heats up. In a small food processor, mix the eggs, about one eighth a cup of milk, and a small amount of salt. Don’t add salt if you are including beef franks. Pour the mixture over the vegetables or beef franks, decrease the heat to medium or low, and cover. Check every now and then that the underside isn’t burning. When it is solid enough, flip the omelet  with a spatula (or cut it in half and flip each half individually). When  the omelet is done, you can use the empty hot pan to make toast. 35.  Cauliflower This and omelets has been my breakfast lately. Effort: 2 Ingredients: Cauliflower Olive oil Salt Steps: Rinse and chop as much cauliflower as you want to eat, which is probably less than you think it is. Pour a few tablespoons of olive oil onto a pan. Add the cauliflower. Fry on medium to high heat, uncovered, until the cauliflower is browned. 34.  Stuffed shells This is sometimes a staple for me. You buy them at the grocery store, in the frozen section. Effort: 2 Ingredients: Frozen stuffed shells from the grocery store Pasta sauce Steps: Put the shells on some aluminum foil on a baking sheet and cover them in pasta sauce. Put them in the oven for 45 minutes as prescribed by the box they came in. 33.  Coleslaw Effort: 2 Ingredients: Cabbage Carrots Mayonnaise Steps: Peel one or two carrots. Chop the carrots and about twice as much cabbage so that they can fit in the tiny food processor. Combine the carrots, cabbage, and a tablespoon or two of mayonnaise in the food processor. 32. Shrimp (grey; not pre-cooked) Effort: 2 Ingredients: Frozen grey shrimp (not pre-cooked) Bay leaves and whole black peppercorns (or other spices) Pasta sauce (optional) Horseradish (optional) Steps: Boil water in a pot with whatever spices you have. My family uses bay leaves and whole black peppercorns. About five minutes after the water boils, it should be a darker color. Add the frozen shrimp. Separately, mix about equal parts horseradish and pasta sauce to make a sauce to dip the shrimp in. Remove the shrimp as soon as the water starts to boil again. 31. Fried shrimp (red; pre-cooked) with vegetables This is my maternal grandmother’s recipe. Effort: 2 Ingredients: Frozen red shrimp (pre-cooked) Whole garlic cloves Olive oil Curry and black pepper (or other spices) Steps: Leave the shrimp on the table for about two hours to thaw, allowing the water to drain from the shrimp. Chop the garlic cloves a little, so that their insides are exposed, and put them in a pan with olive oil on high heat. Add spices, such as curry and black pepper. Add the thawed shrimp. Cook the shrimp for three to five minutes on the stove, stirring occasionally. Don’t worry if water appears. 30.  Bubble tea If you don’t know what bubble tea is, you will when you get to campus. It is sweetened milk tea with tapioca bubbles. It is addicting. It is sold at the Student Center for $3 a serving. Effort: 2 Ingredients: Tapioca bubbles Honey or fruit preserves Tea Milk Bubble tea straws Steps: Buy tapioca bubbles. After some research I bought these. I store them in a zip-lock bag in the freezer so they don’t dry out. You can buy the fat straws on Amazon as well. Boil water in an electric tea kettle or on the stove, as much as you can imagine you and your friends drinking in one sitting. Add several (three to six) bags of whatever tea you want to drink. When the tea is done steeping, move the pot or the tea kettle to the fridge to cool. Boil water in a pot. Once the water is boiled, add a very small handful of tapioca bubbles for every two people. They will expand in the water. After five minutes, remove the tapioca bubbles from the water and put them in a cup. Cover them in honey or fruit preserves. I think fruit preserves work better than honey, but other people (sample size two) disagree. After a while the tapioca bubbles should have soaked up some of the honey or fruit preserves. Distribute the tea, add milk, and add the tapioca bubbles. Drink with a bubble tea straw. Real bubble tea is prepared with some powder instead of just tea and milk. I haven’t figured this out yet and I’m probably not going to, because I’m happy with tea and milk, but you might want to. 29.  ????? (crepes)   Crepes seem to be a fundamental part of womanhood in Russia, and I am horrible at them. There’s some intuitive awareness of the texture and thickness of batter, the technique, the art, the ????????, that I never absorbed, despite hours of education from my grandmother on my dad’s side. One day when I was homesick I tried the first crepe recipe that came up on Google and it worked, ???????? or not, though of course it’s nowhere near as good as my mom’s or either of my grandmothers’. Here it is, more or lessâ€" Effort: 3 Ingredients: Eggs Milk Flour Olive oil Salt Sugar, honey, jam, or caviar Steps: Blend two eggs in a small food processor. Add a cup of milk and blend again. Add 1/4 teaspoon of salt and one cup of flour. If you want to be healthy, you can use gluten-free flour, which ends up tasting about the same. Blend again. Heat a few tablespoons of olive oil on high heat. Pour one fourth a cup of batter onto the pan and spread it evenly by tilting the pan in a circular motion. The first crepe will take a while to cook. Once the edges of the crepe are well defined and slightly raised, lift the crepe from the edges with a spatula and flip it. At this point you can turn the heat down to medium or medium-high. Periodically check the underside of the crepe; when it is slightly browned, take it off the pan. The first crepe will probably not be as good as the rest of them, since it picks up a lot of the olive oil. Immediately after removing the first crepe, pour another one fourth cup of batter onto the pan. Again spread the batter evenly over the pan by tilting it in a circular motion; this will be more difficult now because the pan is hot and the crepe is cooking as you shape it. Repeat until you have run out of batter. From here on out, the crepes will be ready to flip almost immediately, though the second side will take a bit longer to cook. It might be a good idea to stir the batter sometimes; otherwise the flour settles and you have to add more milk to make the last few crepes. Spread a thin layer of sugar, honey, jam, or caviar onto one surface of each crepe and roll them up into tubes. Keep in mind that you will have layers and layers of filling in each bite, so the layers should be very thin, especially if the filling is sweet. The last crepe is always the tiniest, and when I was little that one was always mine because I was tiny, too. :) 28.  Latkes (potato pancakes) Effort: 3 Ingredients: Eggs Potatoes Salt Olive oil Applesauce, sour cream, or plain yogurt (optional) Steps: Break two eggs on a plate. Peel three or four potatoes. Using a cheese grater, grate the potatoes over the eggs. Add about half a teaspoon of salt and mix the potatoes, eggs, and salt with a fork. If there is any egg that isn’t covered by the potatoes you can add another potato. Pour some olive oil out onto a pan and turn the heat up to high. Add the potato mixture in separated, one-tablespoon-large, flat circles. They should sizzle once the pan is hot; turn the heat down to medium or medium high if that bothers you. When the latkes are browned on one side (only the potato pieces that were touching the pan will brown), flip them over with a spatula. When the other side is brown, remove them and add more potato mixture to the pan. Add more olive oil if there isn’t any. Keep doing this until you have run out of potato mixture. Dip the latkes into applesauce, sour cream, or plain yogurt as you eat them. 27.  Baked salmon Effort: 3 Ingredients: Individually wrapped frozen salmon, one or two per person Mustard Honey Ranch dressing (optional) Olive oil Lemon juice Salt Steps: Leave the salmon on the table in its plastic wrapping for four hours or so to defrost. Alternatively, soak it (again still in its plastic wrapping) in warm water until it is bendy. Preheat your oven or toaster oven to 450 degrees Fahrenheit. Cover a baking sheet with enough aluminum foil for the fish to be in one layer, leaving enough overhang to cover the fish. Unwrap the fish and put it on the foil. Lightly salt and add some lemon juice. Mix one tablespoon each of mustard, honey, and ranch dressing and two tablespoons of olive oil until the color is uniform. Spread the mixture over the fish. Cover the fish with the aluminum foil overhang and put it in the oven for about half an hour. Salmon goes well with rice or salad. 26.  Salad Effort: 3 Use any combination of the following: One or two handfuls of spinach or lettuce (but why would you eat lettuce?), rinsed in cold water and chopped Cucumbers, peeled and chopped Carrots, peeled and grated Bell peppers, washed and finely chopped Tomatoes, washed and chopped Apples, peeled and grated Pickles, finely chopped Celery, finely chopped Craisins Strawberries, washed and chopped Sesame seeds Chopped walnuts Chopped almonds Olive oil Mustard Italian dressing Salt   My grandmother on my mom’s side advises that when you’re mixing salad you should lift it, not push down on it. 25.  Hamburgers on rye bread Effort: 3 Ingredients: Frozen hamburgers Spinach or lettuce Tomato (optional) Rye bread (or whole wheat hamburger buns) Steps: Leave the frozen hamburgers on a plate for a few hours to thaw. Fry the hamburgers with a little bit of olive oil on medium heat (or low heat if you forgot to thaw them). Flip them over and fry them some more until you are satisfied with how much they are cooked. Wrap the burger in spinach or lettuce and put it between two slices of bread. Tomatoes are optional. 24.  Stir-fry Effort: 3 Ingredients: Linguine fini pasta, or some other spaghetti Asparagus Spinach Two eggs Stir-fry sauce Olive oil Sesame seeds Garlic Steps: Cook the pasta al dente according to the instructions on the box, probably six minutes in boiling water. You don’t need to add salt. While the pasta is cooking, chop the asparagus into one- to two-inch-long pieces, throwing away the lighter edges opposite the tips, and fry it in olive oil, uncovered, on medium to high heat. Drain the pasta and add it to the asparagus. Stir about one fourth cup stir-fry sauce into the pasta with a spatula. Move the pasta over to one side of the pan and cook an egg on medium heat on the other half, stirring it often. Stir the egg into the pasta once it is at least slightly cooked. Turn the heat down to low or medium-low. Rinse a handful of spinach and add it to the pasta. Fold the pasta over the spinach so that the spinach is covered. Cover the pan with a lid. When almost all of the liquid has boiled off the pasta, chop and add some garlic. Add some sesame seeds. Remove from heat. 23.  Mashed potatoes Effort: 3 Ingredients: Potatoes Salt Whole milk Butter (optional) Steps: Boil water in an electric tea kettle or on the stove. Meanwhile, fill a pot halfway with water. Peel however many potatoes you think you’ll eat, chopping larger ones in half if they are of variable size. Leave them in the water while you peel the others. Drain the cold water and cover the potatoes completely with boiling water. Add a tablespoon of salt. Cook on the stove until the potatoes slide off when you stab them with a fork. The Internet says you can prevent the water boiling over by balancing a wooden spoon on top of the pan; you should let me know if that works and, if so, how. Microwave half a cup of milk on high for one minute. Drain the water completely. Add the milk and mash the potatoes with a potato masher (or a fork, because come on, you’re a college student). Add butter if you want. 22.a. High-maintenance fried potatoes This is how my dad cooks potatoes and how his dad cooked potatoes. They come out perfectly, evenly cookedâ€"edible masterpieces of potato. Effort: 3 Ingredients: Potatoes Salt Olive oil Steps: Peel two or three potatoes and chop them into five-millimeter-thick circles or half-circles. Coat the pan in olive oil and lay the potatoes on the pan in one layer and salt them lightly. Cook uncovered on high. When the potato slices are brown on one side, flip each slice individually and cook until the other side is brown as well. Remove the potato slices and repeat with the next batch, until you have cooked all of your potatoes. 22.b. Low-maintenance fried potatoes This is how I cook potatoes because I am lazy and unskilled. They come out crunchy-raw in some places and almost burnt in others but I’m usually too hungry to care. Effort: 3 Ingredients: Potatoes Salt Olive oil Steps: Peel two or three potatoes and chop them into two- to five-millimeter-thick circles or half-circles. Coat the pan in olive oil, put all the potato slices on the pan, and salt them lightly. Cook uncovered on high, flipping them often. Remove the potato slices when they are brown in some places, not yet charred, and not unbearably crunchy. 21.  Potatoes in the microwave This is how my grandmother on my mom’s side cooks potatoes. It is simple and fantastically fast. Effort: 3 Ingredients: Potatoes Fresh dill Garlic Olive oil Salt Steps: Peel the potatoes and chop them into large but bite-sized pieces. Put them in a casserole dish. Finely chop some dill and about one clove of garlic for every three medium-sized potatoes and add them to the potatoes. Add half a teaspoon of salt and one tablespoon of olive oil for every three potatoes.  Mix thoroughly. Cover firmly and microwave on high for about ten minutes for three potatoes, or fifteen minutes for six potatoes. 20.a. Tilapia in the microwave This recipe is from my mom. It is impressively fast. Effort: 3 Ingredients: Individually wrapped frozen tilapia, one or two per person Mayonnaise Pickles Lemon Salt Steps: Leave the tilapia out on the table in one layer (still in its plastic wrapping) for an hour to thaw. (Alternatively, rinse it under cold water, again still in its plastic wrapping.) Put the thawed tilapia in one layer in a casserole dish. Add a small amount of salt. Chop the pickles into small pieces and put them over the fish. Wash a lemon well, with soap, chop it in half, and squeeze it over the fish, being careful to remove any seeds. Chop the rest of the lemon into small pieces, including the skin, and put it over the fish. Spread two tablespoons of mayonnaise over the fish and lemon. Cover the casserole dish and put it in the microwave for ten minutes for five fish, or five to seven minutes for two. The fish is done when you can easily cut it with a fork and it is white all the way through. 20.b. More tilapia in the microwave This recipe is from my grandmother on my mom’s side. Effort: 3 Ingredients: Individually wrapped frozen tilapia, one or two per person Bell peppers Tomatoes Fresh dill Fresh basil Olive oil Salt Steps: Leave the tilapia out on the table in its plastic wrapping in one layer for an hour (or rinse it under cold water) to thaw. Cut the tilapia in half (to create two fat halves rather than two long halves). Rinse and chop the bell peppers, tomatoes, basil, and dill and place some of it in the casserole dish. Place the tilapia in one layer on top of the vegetables. Lightly salt the fish and vegetables. Add a second layer of chopped bell peppers, tomatoes, basil, and dill on top of the tilapia. If you need to, add another layer of tilapia and another layer of vegetables, or more, lightly salting each layer of tilapia. Add three or four tablespoons of olive oil on top of the tilapia and vegetables. Cover the tilapia and microwave it on high for twelve to fifteen minutes, depending on the quantity. I tried to fit all of the recipes in one blog post but the web site wouldn’t let me. Part 2 contains another 19 recipes, most of them a little more hardcore. There are also some places to buy food around MIT and some non-food things that are useful to have.